莒县35年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行病学分析

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF EPIDEMIC CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS DURING THE PAST 35 YEARS IN JUXIAN COUNTY

分析1956～1990年莒县35年流脑流行病学资料,每隔8～10年出现一次周期性高峰,年平均发病率82.86/10万,年平均死亡率7.66/10万,年平均病死率9.24％。共发生1次大流行年,9次中流行年和3次小流行年,经升降趋势检验流脑发病率呈下降趋势。春季发病率较高,发病高峰日在3月24日,发病高峰范围为2月13日～5月2日。经多组等级相关分析,全县23处乡镇发病率差别无显著性,但存在着轮回流行和连续流行现象。发病以9岁以下儿童为主(占64.39％),性别间差别无显著性。并对流脑菌苗的效果和流脑流行指征进行了分析。

Epidemiological data on epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis during the past 35 years(1956-1990) in Juxian County were analysed. It had a periodic peak once every 8-10 years. The annual incidence averaged 82.86/100 thousand, the annual mortality averaged 7.66/100 thousand and the annual fatality rate averaged 9.24％. There occurred a pandemic year, nine intermediate epidemic years and three small epidemic years in all. The disease incidence presented a descending trend, which was verified by the test of upward and downward trend. The disease incidence was higher in spring. March 24 was the day of pathogenic peak. The time range of pathogenic peak was from February 13 to May 2. By many groups of rank-correlation analysis, we found that the difference in disease incidence had not significance in 23 villages and towns all over the county, but there existed the phenomena of samsara epidemic and successive epidemic. The invasion of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis was chiefly in the children below the age of 9 years, accounting for 64.39 percent, and there was no significant difference between male and female. The effect of epidemic meningitis vaccine and the epidemic indication of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis were analysed.