四川省2002年流行性乙型脑炎监测

The Surveillance of Japanese Encephalitis in Sichuan Province in 2002

为了解四川省流行性乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )疫情动态和流行趋势 ,为乙脑防制工作提供科学依据 ,在全省选择 5个监测点 ,从 2 0 0 2年开始进行乙脑的常规监测 ,血清学检测采用反向被动血凝抑制试验 (RPHI)。结果显示 :2 0 0 2年全省乙脑疫情平稳 ,高峰期在 8月 ,健康儿童乙脑抗体阳性率为 6 1 17% ,各监测点之间乙脑抗体阳性率差异有显著的统计学意义 (χ2 =11 6 1,P <0 0 5 ) ;乙脑抗体阳性率 <6岁儿童偏低 (2 6 4 7% ) ,并随年龄的增长而增高 ,各年龄组之间抗体阳性率差异有非常显著的统计学意义 (χ2 =2 3 6 7,P <0 0 1)。猪抗体阳性率高峰在 7月 ,6～ 7月各旬之间抗体阳性率差异有非常显著的统计学意义 (χ2 =2 72 0 0 ,P <0 0 1)。临床病例血清学确诊率为5 6 6 3% ,<6岁儿童占 74 70 %。表明加强儿童乙脑疫苗预防接种和提高免疫覆盖率仍是防制乙脑的关键。

To study the prevalent status and epidemic tendency of Japanese encephalitis(JE) in Sichuan Province and to provide a scientific base for JE prevention and control,5 surveillance sites were selected for survey in the whole province since 2002.The sera of children and pigs were tested by the method of reverse passive hemagglutination inhibition test(RPHI).The results showed that the prevalent status of JE in 2002 in the whole province was stable.Peak was in August.The positive rate of JE serum antibody in healthy children was 61.17%,but was different among 5 surveillance sites(χ 2=11.61,P<0.05).The JE antibody positive rate was low(26.47%)in the age group under 6 years old, it became higher along with the age growing,but there also had significant difference(χ 2=23.67,P<0.01) among different age groups.The peak of JE serum antibody positive rate of pigs was in the July and it was segnificantly different (χ 2=272.00,P<0.01) at every ten days in June and July.The clinical serodiagnosed rate of JE cases was 56.63%,among which the children under 6 years old was 74.70%.This suggested that strengthening JE vaccine immunization in children and raising the JE immunization coverage rate for them are the keys for controlling prevalence of JE in the province.