肥料密度对直播水稻“武运粳8号”产量及构成因素的影响

Effects of Planting Density and Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of"Wuyunjing 8"under Direct-seeding Culture Condition of Paddy Rice

以水稻品种"武运粳8号"为材料,设置施氮量处理、磷钾肥配比处理及密肥互作试验,分析它们对直播方式下水稻产量及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明在本试验范围内:①提高施氮量、增加磷钾肥配比能提高水稻单位面积穗数、每穗颖花数和产量;增加基本苗能提高水稻单位面积穗数而降低每穗颖花数;肥料、密度对结实率和千粒重无明显影响。②限制直播稻产量的主要因素是单位面积颖花量,提高产量途径是在形成适宜穗数的基础上增加每穗颖花数从而提高单位面积颖花量。③直播稻单位面积穗数与基本苗数相关密切;每穗颖花数与抽穗前干物质形成颖花能力相关密切;抽穗前干物质形成颖花能力与拔节至抽穗期氮素吸收量相关密切。

Wuyunjing 8'was used as material to study effects of nitrogen rate,ratio of N,P and K and the interaction between density and fertilizer on grain yield and its components under directseeding culture condition of paddy rice.Increased nitrogen level and ratio of P and K could significantly enhance number of panicle per area,number of spikelet per panicle and yield;increased planting density could increase numer of panicle per area,but decrease number of spikelet per panicle;there were no significant effects of fertilizer and density on seed setting rate and 1000grain weightNumber of spikelet per area was the main and restrictive factor on grain yield under directseeding culture condition of paddy rice.The way of enhancing yield was increasing spikelet number per panicle on the basis of suitable panicle number.There were close correlation between planting density and number of panicle per area,between number of spikelet per panicle and capability of dry matter producing spikelet before heading stage,between capability of dry matter producing spikelet before heading stage and nitrogen absorbed by plant during elongation stage to heading stage.