古田山国家级自然保护区常绿阔叶林类型及其群落物种多样性研究

TYPES OF EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS AND THEIR SPECIES DIVERSITY IN GUTIAN MOUNTAIN NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE

在群落调查的基础上 ,分析了古田山自然保护区常绿阔叶林的群落类型和群落物种多样性特征 .结果表明 :古田山自然保护区常绿阔叶林主要有 6种类型 (群系 ) ,即甜槠林、栲树林、野含笑 钩栗林、青冈林、虎皮楠 甜槠林、乌冈栎 青冈林 ,并对各群落类型的结构和物种组成进行了描述 .从各群落的外貌、结构和种类组成上看 ,均具有我国典型常绿阔叶林的基本特征 .不同群落类型其物种多样性大小不同 ,栲树林和野含笑 钩栗林物种多样性较高 ,虎皮楠 甜槠林和乌冈栎 青冈林物种多样性较低 .在群落垂直结构中 ,灌木层→乔木层→草本层物种多样性依次降低 ,乔木层与灌木层之间物种多样性差异不显著 ,草本层的物种丰富度、物种多样性指数均明显小于乔木层和灌木层 .与邻近 4个山地常绿阔叶林物种多样性相比较 ,古田山常绿阔叶林物种多样性比纬度位置高的黄山和大别山要大 ,但比纬度位置低的乌岩岭和缙云山小 .表 4参

The types of evergreen broad-leaved forests and their species diversity in Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve were studied based on community investigation. The results showed that there were mainly 6 types (Formation) of evergreen broad-leaved forests in the reserve: Castanopsis eyrei forest, Castanopsis forgesii forest, Manglietia skinnneriana-Castanopsis tibetan forest, Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest, Daphniphyllum oldhami-Castanopsis eyrei forest and Quercus phillyraeoides-Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest. The structure and floristic components of the communities were described. Their physiognomy, structure, and floristic component showed the basic characteristics of typical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China. The species diversity of different types was different, those of Castanopsis forgesii forest and Manglietia skinnneriana-Castanopsis tibetan forest were high, Daphniphyllum oldhami-Castanopsis eyrei forest and Quercus phillyraeoides- Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest had smaller diversity than others. In the vertical structure of community, the species diversity of shrub layer was the highest, and decrease layerd from shrub, tree to herb layer. The species diversity index between tree layer and shrub layer had no significant difference, and the species richness and species diversity index of treed layer and shrub layer were obviously bigger than those of herb layer. In contrast to the large differences in species diversity among different types of evergreen broad-leaved forests in different areas, the species diversity of the Gutian Mountain's evergreen broad-leaved forest was higher than those of the Huang Mountain and the Dabie Mountain which have higher latitude, but it was lower than those of the Wuyanling Mountain and the Jinyun Mountain which have lower latitude. Tab 4, Ref 11