三种类型油菜(Brassica spp.)和野芥菜(B.juncea var.gracilis Tsen et Lee)杂交亲和性及F_1的适合度——潜在基因转移的研究

SEXUAL COMPATIBILITY OF THREE SPECIES OF OILSEED RAPE (BRASSICA SPP.) WITH WILD RAPES (B. JUNCEA VAR. GRACILIS TSEN ET LEE) AND THE FITNESS OF F_1——POTENTIAL FOR GENE TRANSFER

通过人工去雄授粉 ,采用荧光显微镜观察了 3种类型栽培油菜花粉在两地采集的野芥菜柱头上的萌发生长情况 ,结合杂交后的结实率 ,探讨了 3种类型油菜和野芥菜杂交的亲和性 .结果表明 ,甘蓝型油菜和芥菜型油菜与野芥菜的亲和性都非常高 ,亲和性指数达 10 .0以上 ,而白菜型油菜和野芥菜的亲和性较低 ,亲和指数小于 0 .2 .子一代的适合度研究结果表明 ,芥菜型油菜向野芥菜杂交一代的适合度没有降低 ,而甘蓝型及白菜型和野芥菜杂交一代的适合度明显下降 ,表现在花粉活力降低 ,结实率极低 .上述结果表明 ,白菜型油菜和野芥菜的基因转移可能性最小 ,甘蓝型居中 ,而芥菜型极易向野芥菜发生基因转移 .表 4参

According to the cross results, the sexual compatibility among three species of cultivated oilseed rapes[Brassica napus, B. juncea, B. campetris)with wild rapes(B. juncea (L.) Czern et Coss. var. gracilis Tsen et Lee] collected from two different regions in Nanjing was studied. The results showed that the sexual compatibility between B. juncea or B. napus and wild rape was more than 10.0 IC (index of compatibility) high, while that between B. campetris and wild rape was less than 0.2 IC low. The results of fitness of F 1 demonstrated that the hybrid F 1 of B. juncea and wild rapes did not decline, while that of hybrid F 1 of B. napus or B. campetris and wild rapes declined significantly with the lower pollen fertility and fewer seeds per silique. The above results indicated that the possibility of gene transfer from B. campetris to wild rape was the lowest, from B. napus was middle, but from B. juncea was the highest. Tab 4, Ref 19