西安新城市贫困空间固化及其治理研究——基于空间正义视角

RESEARCH ON THE SPATIAL STABILIZATION AND ITS GOVERNANCE OF Xi'AN NEW URBAN POVERTY: FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SPATIAL JUSTICE

新城市贫困空间固化及其治理研究,对破解城市发展不平衡不充分,促进城市社会公平公正具有重要理论和现实意义。基于西安市街道尺度问卷调查数据,采用贫困综合指数和构建空间固贫指数,在GIS技术支持下,对西安新城市贫困空间时空演化和固化趋势进行研究,并以空间正义为视角,提出西安新城市贫困空间固化治理方案。结果表明:(1)研究期内,西安新城市贫困程度不断减轻,贫困空间分布异质性明显,贫困空间演化整体上由放射状嵌套分布向圈层分布转变;(2)西安新城市贫困空间固化正在形成,空间固贫指数较高街道集中在内城衰退区,城市边缘失地农民聚居区、流动人口聚居区和遗址保护区;(3)西安新城市贫困空间固化治理要以空间正义思想为指引,在弘扬价值正义、制度正义和政策正义基础上,构建空间正义"起点—过程—结果"三位一体保障体系,确保城市空间生产公平公正。

Drawing on the ideas of class solidification,this paper attempts to define and construct the poverty stabilization index(PSI)to measure the spatial stabilization of urban poverty of Xi’an.Based on the questionnaire data of Xi’an on the scale of sub-districts in 1990,2000,and 2013,adopting the poverty comprehensive index and applying the above constructed PSI,with the support of GIS spatial analysis,this paper explores the spatial-temporal evolution and stabilization trend of poverty space of Xi’an.And,from the perspective of spatial justice,the governance schemes on spatial stabilization of Xi’an new urban poverty is proposed.The results show that:1)Over the 1990—2013 period,the new urban poverty level of Xi’an has been continuously reduced,the spatial distribution of poverty is obviously heterogeneous.2)The spatial stabilization of new urban poverty in Xi’an is taking shape and the streets with high poverty stabilization index are concentrated at recession zones in inner city(e.g.,Jiefangmen sub-district).3)The governance on spatial stabilization of Xi’an new urban poverty,under the guidance of urban spatial production value justice,urban spatial production institution justice,and urban spatial distribution policy justice,should establish a starting point-process-result trinity guarantee system of spatial justice to ensure the fairness and justness in urban space production.