基于家庭系统理论的亲子旅游动机测量研究——以南京市红山森林动物园为例

MEASUREMENT RESEARCH OF PARENT-CHILD TOURIST MOTIVATIONS BASED ON THE THEORY OF FAMILY SYSTEM: AN EXAMPLE OF NAN JING HONGSHAN FOREST ZOO

传统的旅游动机测量模型主要基于个体旅游视角,无法有效解释亲子群体旅游现象。本文基于家庭系统理论,以南京市红山森林动物园为例,构建了"促进家庭关系—加强儿童教育—个体正面体验—个体负面体验"的亲子旅游动机测量量表。结果表明:(1)研究亲子群体旅游动机需要从传统的个体旅游视角转为针对性的群体旅游视角。(2)亲子旅游动机具有明显的亲子性,其重要程度为"加强儿童教育>促进家庭关系>个体正面体验>个体负面体验",为寻求家庭意义,家长的个体旅游体验仍然存在但却是削弱乃至牺牲和隐藏的。(3)不同变量下动机存在差异,但主要仍为加强儿童教育和促进家庭关系。亲子旅游动机研究以期为旅游动机理论提供新的认识。

The model of measuring traditional tourism motivation based on the individual tourism perspective cannot effectively explain the parent-child group tourism phenomenon.Based on the family system theory and taking Hongshan forest zoo in Nanjing city as an example,this paper constructs a scale of measuring parent-child tourism motivation among'promoting family relationship-strengthening children’s education-individual positive experience-individual negative experience'.The results show that:first,the study of parentchild group tourism motivation needs to change from the traditional individual tourism perspective to the targeted group tourism perspective.Second,the parent-child tourism motivation possess obvious parent-child features,including strengthening children’s education through parent-child tourism activities and promoting family relations.Third,in parent-child tourism,a common family leisure activity,the order of importance of tourism motivation is'to strengthen children’s education'>'to promote family relations'>'individual positive experience'>'individual negative experience'.In addition,different demographic characteristics show that although there are some differences in parent-child tourism motivation,its main motivation is to strengthen children’s education and promote family relations two aspects.