蒲江石窟上油烟污物的分析研究及其清洗对策

Analysis and Cleaning Method of the Obstinate Filth ofOils and Smokes on the Surface of Pujiang Cliff

油烟污物是文物的污染因素之一,针对蒲江石窟上油烟污物的现状,采用有机元素分析仪、扫描电镜能谱仪(SEM—EDS)和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR),对现场采集的样品进行分析研究,研究表明油烟污物中合有大量的炭黑、木材和植物纤维素热裂解产物及芳烃化合物;并且,选用氨水作为清洗材料来探讨清洗工艺及机理。

The obstinate filth of oils and smokes were a kind of common pollution on the surface of cultural relics.The organ elemental analysis,Scanning Electron Mictoscopy-X-ray Energy Dispersive Analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer were applied to research the samples of the obstinate filth of oils and smokes gathered from Pujiang Cliff.The experimental results indicated that the filth contained much Carbon,pyrolysis product of the plant fiber,and aromatic compounds.In this paper,Ammonia was used as the cleaning agent whose operation process and cleaning mechanism were also discussed.