日本汉字能力检定考试及其借鉴意义

The Japan Kanji Aptitude Test and Its Enlightenment

'日本汉字能力检定'(简称'汉检',下同)考试,由日本汉字检定协会于1975年推出,至今已有40余载。自2002年起,每年考生都在200万人以上,是日本最大规模的语言类考试之一。汉检为什么办得如此成功?本文通过对考试历程、考试设计、考试内容、考试形式以及考试效应等分析研究,认为主要有以下几点:(1)秉承考试的根本理念,只提供能力水平鉴定,不带有任何社会功效。(2)使考试尽量发挥促进学习的功能,甚至寓考于乐。(3)汉字本身的魅力。(4)考试设计科学、合理。(5)考试社会化、专业化。(6)考试面广,考生各取所需。就结果而言,汉检为汉字在日本的普及、提高日本国民的人文素质做出了巨大贡献。

'The Japan Kanji Aptitude Test'(commonly known as Kanken)has existed over 40 years since it was first developed by the Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Public Interest Foundation in 1975.From 2002,it has become one of the largest scale language tests in Japan with more than 2 million test takers each year.Why is Kanken so successful?By analyzing the progress,design,contents,form and effects of Kanken,this paper figured out the reasons.(1)Kanken is consistent to the fundamental rationale of examining the aptitude only and undermining social efficacy.(2)It strives to promote Kanji learning,combining testing with fun.(3)Kanji has its own charm.(4)Test design is scientific and logical.(5)Kanken is a professional and socialized test.(6)It has a wide range,catering for various test takers’needs.To conclude,this test has contributed a lot to the popularity of Kanji and cultivation of humanistic quality of Japanese citizens.