不变的少年与流动的泥河——宫本辉《泥河》论

The unchanged boy’s point of view and the flowing muddy river——A study on Teru Miyamoto’s Muddy River

《泥河》是宫本辉的出道作品。在该作品相关的研究中,较多的是将小说与同名电影进行的比较;或是探讨小说中各种动物的隐喻;还有以《泥河》为主,研究宫本辉的'河流'形象等。这些研究具有一个共同点,即认为《泥河》讲述的是少年信雄的成长物语,其结论的关键词也大多集中在少年所见成人世界的贫困、生死、战争以及少年自身的性觉醒问题。不可否认,这些都是作品中的重要元素,但作者为何要借由少年的视线来呈现成人世界的各种不堪?笔者带着这一问题,在细读文本的基础上,聚焦在以往研究中被忽视、被边缘化的'喜一母亲'这一人物,并深究宫本辉明言'真正想写的是鲤鱼怪'的原因,探讨两者在少年眼中的表象,发现少年眼中'泥河'的真相。

Muddy River is the debut work of Teru Miyamoto.Among the researches related to this work,some are the comparison between the novel and the film of the same name;some are the studies on the metaphors of various animals in the novel;others are the studies on the image of the'river'which also can be found in other works of Miyamoto.These studies have the same point of view that they think the novel tells a growth story of a boy.And the keywords of their conclusions are mostly concentrated in poverty,life and death,and war,as well as the boy’s sexual arousal.It is undeniable that these are all important elements in the novel.However,no one has figured out why Miyamoto described these negative facts of the adults’world from a boy’s point of view?This study focuses on the neglected and marginalized character,Kiichi’mother,and the'carp monster'which in Miyamoto’s words is the real theme of the novel.By analyzing how they appear in the boy’s eyes,we can find the truth about this'muddy river'.