日语主语从句类复句中的主从关系——以句型「…が…ことは…」和「…が…ことが…」为例

The Relationship between Main and Subordinate Clauses in the Japanese Subject Complex Clause——A Comparative Study of“…ga…kotowa…”and“…ga…kotoga…”

本文以主语从句类复句句型「…が…ことは…」和「…が…ことが…」为例,运用定性分析法和定量分析法,探讨日语主语从句类复句中的主从关系。通过定性分析研究发现主语从句类复句中至少存在6种主从关系。通过定量分析研究发现,超半数例句集中在明示盖然性这一主从关系上。可见主语从句类复句中的主从关系意义范围受到限制。另外,通过两句型的比较,发现「…が…ことは…」句型的使用频率远高于「…が…ことが…」句型。明示同一性类主从关系多出现在「…が…ことは…」句型中,而明示感情感觉类主从关系更倾向于选择「…が…ことが…」句型。

This study applies a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis to a comparative study between"…ga…kotowa…"and"…ga…kotoga…"subject complex sentence patterns, and is focused on exploring the major relationships between main and subordinate clauses in Japanese subject clause complex sentences. At least 6 major relationships between main and subordinate clauses are confirmed in qualitative research, and further quantitative research reveals that more than half of the sampled sentences illustrate a probability between main and subordinate clauses. The paper concludes that the scope of meaning between main and subordinate clauses is largely confined. The comparative study of use frequency between the two sentence patterns finds that"…ga…kotowa…"is far more often used than"…ga…kotoga…". While the"…ga…kotowa…"is mainly used to illustrate similarity,"…ga…kotoga…"is often favored for illustrating emotions or feelings.