预测意识对日语听力理解影响研究

The Effects of Prediction Awareness on Japanese Listening Comprehension

本研究分别以中级学习者和高级学习者为被试,基于工作记忆的作用理论探讨了日语听力理解过程中的预测策略使用意识的作用效果。实验结果显示:(1)工作记忆容量大的学习者,不论日语水平高低,通过控制意识都能够在听力理解过程中有效使用预测策略,提高听力理解成绩;(2)工作记忆容量大的中级学习者,持有明确的预测策略使用意识能够促进听力过程中的内容理解,然而工作记忆容量小的中级学习者,持有明确的预测策略使用意识会在一定程度上妨碍听力过程中的内容理解。听力理解过程中的预测策略的作用效果与工作记忆容量、听力理解材料的难易度、学习者的日语水平密切相关。

This study is designed to investigate the effects of prediction awareness on Japanese listening comprehension on the basis of working memory theory. Two experiments were conducted to determine how the effect changed between intermediate learners and advanced learners. The results show that(1) the learners with large working memory capacities have advantages in understanding text content and can use a prediction strategy to promote understanding among both intermediate learners and advanced learners;however,(2) the intermediate learners with small working memory capacities have disadvantages in understanding text content using the prediction strategy, and the intermediate learners with large working memory capacities have advantages in understanding text content using the prediction strategy. The effect of the prediction strategy has strong connections with the working memory capacity, the difficulty of the listening text, and the level of the second language.