日本“汉方历史小说”与中国医药文化

Japanese“Chinese Prescription Historical Novels”and the Culture of Chinese Prescription Medicine

日本"汉方小说"除了具有一定的审美价值以外,文化交流价值也非常重大,是中日比较文学研究的绝好文本。"汉方历史小说"往往采用脚注的形式介绍中医经典及"汉方医"的治疗方法,对汉方药的功用、方剂效用和汉方医学术语进行解释说明,再现江户时代"汉方医"的人生经历、从医过程以及他们所受中医典籍的熏陶和对中医传统文化的看法。通过作家的现代小说叙事方式,使中医药文化在日语的语境当中具备了一定程度的现代性质,并与现代的医药文化合流,对东方医药文化的普及起了一定作用,体现了文学与传统医药文化的完美结合。

Besides aesthetic values, Japanese'Chinese prescription novels'contribute greatly to cultural communication and are the best literary texts for Chinese and Japanese comparative literature studies. Chinese prescription historical novels usually use footnotes to introduce the classics of Chinese herbal medicine and medical treatment. In these footnotes, there are detailed explanations about the functions, effectiveness and terms of Chinese prescriptions. The Chinese prescription historical novels present the lives and medical treatments of Chinese prescription doctors, the influence of classics of Chinese herbal medicines,and the doctors’ views towards traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Through the authors’ modern narratives, the culture of Chinese herbal medicine is embodied with a certain modern feature in the Japanese context, and is blended with a culture of modern medicine. Chinese prescription historical novels help to spread Chinese herbal culture, and these novels represent a perfect combination of literature and traditional medicine culture.