水下和海底大地坐标的精确测量

Precision measurement of coordinates of underwater and sea bed

潜艇水下高精度定位,长期以来一直是水下导航定位领域的一个难题.为了解决潜艇在水下长时间航行过程中的高精度定位问题,提出了一种比较实用的解决方案.该方案构建了由DGPS定位和水声定位相结合的水下定位系统.系统采用系缆浮筏作为潜艇,利用DGPS进行水下定位的中继站,利用水声相对定位技术将DGPS水面定位向水下延伸,使潜艇在工作潜深就可以直接获得自身的大地经纬度坐标.系统将DGPS的优良性能与超短基线在水下定位中的优势很好地结合在一起,其定位精度可以保证与DGPS水面定位精度在同一量级.

For a long time,high precision positioning for underwater submarine has been a difficult problem in the field of underwater navigation and positioning.The traditional positioning for submarine depends on inertial navigation system (INS).But the positioning error of INS accumulates along with time.In order to solve the problem of high precision positioning for underwater submarine,this paper proposed a relatively practical scheme.This scheme constructs an underwater positioning system based on the combination of DGPS and acoustical positioning.This method makes use of acoustical relative positioning technique for extending the DGPS positioning technique for surface applications to underwater cases. With this positioning system,the submarine can directly get its longitude and latitude,and the positioning precision can ensure the same level as the surface application cases of DGPS.