中国耕地总量动态平衡的数量和质量分析

THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY ANALYSIS ON DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM OF THE TOTAL CULTIVATED LAND IN CHINA

耕地作为土地的精华对我国农业和国民经济发展起着不可替代的基础性作用 ,为解决中国日益短缺的耕地资源和粮食安全问题 ,自 1 997年以来 ,我国实行了耕地总量动态平衡的土地管理政策 ,但耕地资源转化为非农建设用地的猛烈趋势仍缺乏有效的调控。基于耕地总量动态平衡的新视角和中国耕地资源变化态势和构成分析 ,提出了反映耕地总体产出能力的标准系数以及相对应的标准耕地面积 ,并进一步分析了我国耕地统计面积和标准面积的时空差异状况 ,从数量和质量两个方面重新考察了我国耕地总量动态平衡状况 ,并据此提出了实现中国耕地总量动态平衡的对策措施。

Cultivated land plays an important role both in the agricultural development and in economic development of China. In order to solve the increasing problems of cultivated land resource shortage and food security in China, a land management policy of dynamic equilibrium of total cultivated land has been implemented since 1996. However, the fierce trend of cultivated land resources' turning into non-agricultural land is still out of effective control. Based on the new perspective of dynamic equilibrium of total cultivated land and the land resources change tendency in China, standard coefficients reflecting the overall output ability of cultivated land and the corresponding standard cultivated land area have been proposed. Furthermore, the spatial-temporal differences between statistic area and standard area of the cultivated land in China are analyzed. And general quantity dynamic equilibrium of cultivated land in China is explored from two aspects of quality and quantity. Accordingly, countermeasures for achieving the general quantity dynamic equilibrium of Chinese cultivated land have been put forward.