参与性评估法在小尺度区域土地利用变化研究中的应用——以科尔沁沙地尧勒甸子村为例

APPLICATION OF THE PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL METHOD IN THE RESEARCH OF LAND USE CHANGE AT LOCAL DIMENSION ——A CASE STUDY OF YAOLEDIANZI VILLAGE IN KORQIN SAND

土地利用变化研究涉及多个时空尺度 ,目前正由全球性研究转向针对性的区域性研究 ,典型区域的小尺度研究是其研究的一个重要方面。然而小尺度区域研究的一个最大障碍在于数据的可得性 ;尤其在中国的村庄 ,长时序的土地利用数据和图件更是缺乏。参与性农村评估 (PRA)是一种通过与研究地区居民进行非正式访谈来对地方的实际情况有所了解的方法。该文借助参与性农村评估方法结合实地考察、测量 ,以科尔沁沙地东南部尧勒甸子村为例对小尺度区域的土地利用变化进行初步研究。绘制出一系列尧勒甸子村建国以来各个时代的土地利用图 ,重建和恢复了其 5 0a来的土地利用过程 ,并运用GIS对其土地利用变化进行了研究。这一方法为小尺度区域土地利用数据的获得提供了一个有效可行的途径 ,为以后深入探讨土地利用变化机制的研究作了比较充分的数据准备。

Though the researches of land use change deal with different spatio-temporal scales, they are increasingly turing from global dimension towards regional dimension. Being one of the important aspects in land use change research, however, local scale of land use change research is limited by hard data availabilty. Land use data and maps of long temporal series are scarce, especially in Chinese villages. The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is a method by which the researcheres acquire the basic situations of the research region by using informal interview with local residents. PRA along with field measure is applied to study the land use change in village scale, taking the Yaoledianzi village in Korqin Sand as an example. The research protracts a series of land use maps at different era, reconstructs the land use history of past 50 years and analyzes land use change by GIS. This method provides an effective and feasible approach for obtaining land use data of local dimension, and makes good data preparations for thorough discussion on land use mechanism.