安徽省学生隐孢子虫感染情况

Cryptosporidium Infection among Students in Anhui Province

目的 调查安徽省学生隐孢子虫感染情况、流行特点及主要临床表现,为防制隐孢子虫病在学生中的感染提供依据。方法采集安徽省各地市不同教育层次学生粪便标本共4048份,采用金胺-酚染色法和改良抗酸染色法检查隐孢子虫卵囊。结果 隐孢子虫检出率为1.33％(54/4048)。幼儿、小学生、中学生、大学生隐孢子虫的检出率分别为3.15％(28/889),0.82％(9/1098),0.82％(9/1092),0.83％(8/969),幼儿与其他学生相比差异均有显著性(P<0.01);男生与女生隐孢子虫的检出率分别为1.49％(28/1880)和1.20％(26/2168),差异无显著性(P>0.05);城、乡学生隐孢子虫检出率分别为0.05％(13/1740)和1.78％(41/2308),差异有显著性(P<0.01)。隐孢子虫感染以亚临床感染为主,主要临床表现为间断性轻度腹痛、轻度腹泻、稀便。结论 安徽省学生隐孢子虫感染以幼儿多见,农村较城市多见;隐孢子虫病缺乏特异的临床表现,亚临床感染是其主要表现形式,易误诊和漏诊。

Objective To explore the prevalence, epidemiological and clinical features of ayptosporidiiun infection among students in Anhui province and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of cryptosporidiosis.Methods Stool specimens of 4 048 students at different educational levels were collected, oocysts of cryptosporidium were identified with auramine - phenol stain and improved ami - acid stain. Results The total detection rate of cryp-tosporidium oocyst was 1.33% (54/4048), the detection rate in infants, pupils, middle school students and college students was 3.15% (28/889), 0.82(9/ 1098), 0.82%(9/1092) and 0.83%(8/969) respectively, and there were significant differences in the rate between infants and others(P<0.01). Boys and girls had similar detection rate of cryptosporidium oocyst (1.49% , 28/1880 vs. 1.20%, 26/2168). The detection rate was significantly lower in urban children (0.75%, 13/1740) than in rural children (41/2308). Cryptosporidium infection was usually subclinical, the major clinical features of cryptosporidiosis included mild diarrhea, mild abdominal pain and loose stools. Conclusions The higher infection rate of crptosporidium was found in infants and in rural children, with the total rate of 1.33% . The majority of aryptosporidium infection is subclinical, thus confirmation of diagnosis is difficult. Clinical Efforts should be focused on the emergence of cryptosporidiosis.