山西省部分大学生自杀意念形成的影响因素研究

Factoris influencing Suicidal Ideation among College Students in Shared province

目的 研究大学生的人格、应激、生活事件、心理症状对自杀意念的影响,为开展自杀意念的早期干预提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,应用青少年生活事件量表、防御方式问卷、社会支持评定量表、SCL-90症状自评量表、简易应对方式问卷、自杀态度问卷、艾森克人格问卷,对山西省普通高校一～三年级4882名本、专科大学生进行调查分析,并进行Logistic多元回归分析。结果 心理健康的大学生在高度负性生活事件中可产生自杀意念;心理健康且没有负性生活事件诱发的大学生不会产生自杀意念。心理症状严重且有精神质的大学生即使没有负性生活事件的诱发,也可产生自杀意念。结论 心理症状、精神质是产生自杀意念的主要因素,而负性生活事件是自杀意念的诱发因素,但不起主要作用。

Objective To evaluate the effects of personality, stress, life events and psychological symptoms on suicidal ideation of college students. Methods Approximately 4 882 college students at grades 13 were selected in Shanxi by using multistage stratified random cluster sampling. Data were obtained by using Adolescent Self- rate Life Event Checklist (ASLEC), Defence %le Questionaire (DSQ), Social Support Rating Scale, Symptom Checklist -90 (SCL-90), Simple Coping Modes Questionnaire, Suicide Attitude Questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), and were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression. Results Students without mental health problems might develop suicidal ideation when they exposed to negative life events, but they had no suicidal ideation if they had no mental health problems and no negative life events. However, students with serious mental health problems and neuroticism might develop suicidal ideation even though they had no negative life events. Conclusions Psychological symptoms and neuroticism are major risk factors for developing suicidal ideation while exposure to negative life events can induce suicidal ideation but dot not play great role in developing suicidal ideation.