中学生抑郁与其相关影响因素的综合研究

Depression of Secondary School Students and Correlates

目的 探讨中学生抑郁状况与其相关因素的关系,以便为中学生抑郁问题的理论研究和辅导工作提供依据。方法 采用中学生抑郁量表、青少年生活事件量表、中学生父母教养方式量表、艾森克人格问卷和应对量表,对558名中学生进行调查。结果 中学生整体抑郁水平较低,但有32.9％的学生存在不同程度的抑郁问题,男女生在抑郁方面不存在性别差异;年龄差异在中学生抑郁上表现十分明显,高中生的抑郁状况要高于初中生。中学生抑郁情绪与生活事件、父母教养方式、人格和应对方式各因子均有十分显著的相关关系;进一步回归分析结果表明,有6个因素对抑郁的预测作用十分明显,具体为不良情绪应对、内外向、学习压力、退避、神经质、父理解型教育方式。结论 中学生抑郁与生活事件、父母教养方式、人格和应对方式关系密切,受多种因素的影响。

Objective To explore the prevalence of depression among secondary school students and its correlates,Methods Five bundled mid fifty-eight secondary school students were surveyed with Chinese Secondary School Student Depression Scale, Adolescence Life Events Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), Parents' Upbringing Ways Scale and Coping Scale. Results The prevalence rate of depression among secondary school students was lower, but 32.9% of students had different degrees of depression. There were insignificant gender differences in depression, however, Depression was common among senior school students than among junior school students and was correlated with scores on items of life events, Parents' upbringing ways, personality traits and coping styles. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that negative emotion coping, extraversion, study stress, wince, neuroticism and father'understanding pattern were significant predictors of depression. Conclusions Depression is a problem among senior school students, problem-solving efforts should be made.