甘蓝自交不亲和系花粉的离体保存

POLLEN PRESERVATION IN VITRO OF BRASSICA OLERACEA WITH SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY

盛花期甘蓝花粉低温和超低温保存前脱水至花粉含水量为9.93%～14.18%时,保存效果最好;不脱水或过度脱水的效果均差。花粉于4℃下保存,活力仅维持1个月左右;而在-20℃,-70℃下保存,保存时间虽可适当延长,但萌发率逐渐降低。-196℃(液氮)下保存6个月后,甘蓝花粉仍有很高的萌发率。预冻处理可提高花粉保存效果,-20℃中预冻的效果最佳,萌发率达38.17%。此外,在室温化冻、水浴化冻和缓慢复苏3种解融方式中,水浴化冻的花粉萌发率最高(36.37%)。

Pollen of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) was colleted at the full blooming period of the plants for preservation under low or ultra-low temperature. Best results were obtained when the pollen was dehydrated to a water content of 9.93%～14.1%. No dehydration or over-dehydration gave poor results. When preserved at 4℃, the pollen maintained its vigour for about 1 month. Conservation at -20℃ or -70℃ lengthened the preservation time of the pollen as compared with the 4℃ treatment, but it germination rate declined with preservation time. The pollen maintained high germination rate after it was preserved for 6 months at -196℃ (in liquid nitrogen). Pre-cooling at -20℃ before conservation further improved the effect of pollen preservation and gave a germination rate as high as 38.17%. Of the three thawing methods studied, thawing in hot water bath gave better results than thawing at room temperature or gradual resuscitation. 