微型客车正面碰撞仿真技术

Numerical Analysis Techniques Research for Minicar Front Crash

面向实际工程应用,聚焦于微型客车计算机正面碰撞仿真分析所面临的关键技术难点,探讨了单元尺寸大小、网格分布状况、时间步长等主要因素对模拟计算时间和精度的影响。并对汽车各部件在正面碰撞计算机仿真计算中的建模策略和处理方式进行了深入研究,实现了在微机上用单CPU分析软件以8h完成对某微型客车汽车的正面碰撞历程的度仿真分析,整车及主要吸能部件的变形过程及模式、典型测点的加速度时间历程等均与实车碰撞实验结果吻合良好,达到了工程精度要求,满足了汽车生产企业对提高汽车被动安全性的急需。

To satisfy the engineering requirement, this paper focuses on the key technique problems of minicar front crash simulation. The main factors affecting the efficiency and precision in car crash worthiness simulation including the dimension of elements, grid density and its distribution, limit time step, interface friction and also car parts modeling strategies are discussed. By basing these investigation, we simulate a car impact into a rigid wall at the cost of seven hours CPU time on an ordinary computer and the distortion modes of the overall car. The main energy absorb parts and the typical test point acceleration time course are coincide with the real car crash test. The engineering precision request, efficiency are achieved and the contradiction of simulation precision is overcome.