三种有机泡沫材料的吸放水性及微观结构研究

STUDY ON THE WATER ABSORPTION-DESORPTION AND THEIR MICROSTRUCTURE OF THREE TYPES OF FOAM MATERIALS

采用重量法和扫描电镜研究了硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料、硅橡胶泡沫材料、半硬质自结皮聚氨酯泡沫塑料的吸、放水性能和微观结构,比较了这三种泡沫材料的吸、放水性能及其机理。结果表明,这三种有机泡沫材料的吸、放水能力不同,硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的吸、放水能力<硅橡胶泡沫材料<半硬质自结皮聚氨酯泡沫塑料,其吸、放水机理与泡沫开孔有关,密度越小且泡孔开孔率越高,吸、放水能力越强。

The micrestructure, water absorption-desorption of rigid polyurethane, silicon-rubber and half-rigid self-skinning-polyurethane foam materials are studied with gravimetric method and scanning electric microscope ( SEM). The water absorption-desorp-tion and their mechanism are analyzed and compared. The result shows that three types of foam materials have different water absorp-tion-desorption: rigid polyurethane foam < silicon rubber foam < semi-rigid self-skinning polyurethane foam, which are dependent on the open cell ratio of the foam materials. Lower density makes open-cell ratio higher, which leads to higher water absorption-desorp-tion.