紫云县玉米高产栽培中的钾素效应试验

Effect of potash application on high-yield corn in Ziyun

在贵州中海拔地区紫云苗族自治县采用玉米高产栽培和平衡施肥技术,获得了9.88t·hm^(-2)的玉米产量,超过当地平均产量的2.0倍,钾肥配施可增产玉米0.58～2.07t·hm^(-2),增幅7.43％～26.51％,施钾肥产投比可达4.0～4.9倍。钾肥施用后玉米千粒重增加16.6％,穗粒数增加6.58％,总穗数增加3.6％;粗蛋白含量增加24.8％,玉米品质有较大改善。试验表明,高产高效施肥的N:K_2O质量比为100:85～125,即以施氮(N)180kg·hm^(-2),施钾(K_2O)150～225kg·hm^(-2)为宜,施磷量应根据土壤中缺肥情况进行调整。

Due to rich light energy and radiation and large temperature gap between day and night in middle altitude areas of Guizhou province, there is a higher potential for increasing crop yield. This experiment was conducted in the areas about 1050 m above sea level with technologies of high yield practices and balanced fertilization. The corn yield obtained was 2. 0 times of the local production level. Potash application has positive effect for increasing of corn yield from 0. 58 t hm-2 (7.43% ) to 2. 07t hm-2(26.51% ). Return is 4.0 -4.9 times. The weight of 1000 grain increased 16. 6% . The increase production lied on improved weight of 1000 grain. The content of crude protein increased 24. 8% . Corn quality was also improved. The benefit of increase production and income was remarkable. The best ratio of N to K2O was 100:85 - 125. The amount of phosphate fertilizer should be confirmed with soil's nutrients.