贵州集体林区实施天然林保护工程的问题与对策

Problems and countermeasures of implementing natural forest protection engineering in collective forest area of Guizhou

为了给贵州集体林区顺利实施天然林保护工程提供经济和政策依据,笔者在对贵州集体林区县锦屏、台江和赤水实施天然林保护工程情况调查的基础上,分析了实施天然林保护工程对集体林区社会经济产生的短期负面影响主要表现在林农收入和生活、扶贫攻坚、地方财政税收、林业发展及集体林场、林农营林生产积极性等方面。提出了相应的对策:从森林分类区划入手,认真搞好森林分类经营,培育和发展林业产业体系;重视对现有中幼林的抚育管理;实施天然林保护工程要同改善集体林区经济、改变农村贫困状况、保持生态系统平衡结合起来;加快集体林区旅游业发展;进一步调整和优化林业经济结构,促进林业产业发展;尽快建立生态公益林效益补偿机制。

In order to provide the economic and policy basis for implementing the natural forest protection engineering in collective forest area of Guizhou, based on the research and investigation of Jingping, Taijiang and Chishui counties, this paper analyzed the short negative effects of implementing natural forest protection engineering on the social economy to collective forest area, and put forwards the corresponding countermeasures, which are as follows: Carrying out the forest classification management and developing the forestry production system based on the forest division; paying more attention to the tending and management of middle-age to young forest; combining natural forest protection engineering with the economic and poverty improvement in collective forest area and the ecosystem balance remaining; accelerating the tourism development in collective forest area; regulating the optimal forestry economic structure to promote the forest production development; establishing the compensation mechanism of ecological forest benefit as soon as possible.