糯玉米新组合闽玉糯1号的高产群体结构及需氮特性

High-yield population construction and nitrogen feature of new waxy maize combination Minyunuo 1

群体结构和需N特性试验表明,闽玉糯1号叶面积系数(LAI)及叶片净同化率(NAR)较高,峰值持续时间较长,大喇叭口至抽雄期LAI对NAR影响最大,通过密植保证一定的总粒数,增加抽雄后群体叶面积及干物质积累,提高成粒率,是高产的关键措施,适宜种植密度为6.00万株·hm-2;闽玉糯1号属中度喜N品种,N肥利用率较高,最佳施N量为225.5kg·hm-2,采取平稳施肥法(基肥∶拔节肥∶孕穗肥=30%∶35%∶35%)产量最高,生产上应注意中后期管理,重视孕穗肥的施用.

Population construction and nitrogen feature were studied. The results showed that leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of Minyunuo 1 were high; their peak values sustained longer; LAI affected NAR most significantly between booting stage and heading stage. The key measures for high yield were increasing plant density to ensure plentiful grain number, accumulating dry matter after heading stage and increasing rate of grain; meanwhile optimal planting density was 60 thousand plants per hectare. Minyunuo 1 behaved moderately in amounts of nitrogen application and highly in nitrogen utilization rate. Its optimal amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 225.5 kg per hectare and optimal nitrogen ratio of basal fertilizer, stem pushing fertilizer and ear fertilizer was 30∶35∶35. Management at middle and late stages must be strengthened and ear fertilizer should be emphasized.