热力学函数的基本微分关系与特征函数

The Basic Differential Equations of Thermodynamics Exergy Function and Its Characteristic Functions

从火用的普遍化表达式出发,推导出了热力学体系火用函数的第一、二基本微分关系式,这两个微分式将不可直接测量的火用表示为可测参数的函数。利用基本微分关系式不仅可以通过实验的方法研究体系火用函数的特性,而且还可以求解体系的火用函数。在恰当的选择了自由变量之后,体系的火用函数可以作为特征函数,由此可求出所有其它热力学函数。

Proceeding from a universal expression of exergy, the authors have derived the first and second basic differential equations for the exergy function of a thermodynamics system. These two equations make it possible to change the exergy unfit for direct measurement into a function of measurable parameter. Through the use of basic differential relations the characteristics of system exergy function can be studied by experimental means. Moreover, it is also feasible to solve for the exergy function of a system. After a proper selection of free variables the exergy function of a system can serve as a characteristic function, from which all other thermodynamic functions may be determined.