独头巷道超前勘探的有效手段——瑞雷波勘探技术井下超前勘探试验结果述评

AN EFFICIENT MEANS FOR ADVANCE EXPLORATION IN DEAD ENDS-A REVIEW OF RESULTS OF RAYLEIGH WAVE PROSPECTING TEST FOR ADVANCE EXPLORATION IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINES

迄今,用于煤矿井下独头巷道超前勘探的有效手段寥寥无几。常规的钻探方法费工、费时、效率很低,而且有引起突水的危险。瑞雷波勘探方法是一种使用瑞雷面波作为有效波进行零到几十米范围内地震勘探的新型物探方法。它的测线基距与勘探深度的比值可以达到1∶20以上,即1～2m的测线布置,勘探深度可达30～40m以上。完全适用于独头巷道超前勘探的需要。把这样一种地面地质勘探的方法技术移植到井下,在煤巷、岩巷中进行超前探测断层、空巷、冲刷带的试验并获得成功,无疑为煤矿井下独头巷道的超前探测开创了一种全新的物探手段,必将在煤矿的安全掘进和生产方面发挥重要作用。

So far, few of means are available for efficient advance exploration in dead ends in coal mines. The conventional advance drilling is time—and Laborconsuming and low efficient, and prone to cause water inrush. Rayleigh wave prospecting is a new geophysical method which uses Rayleigh waves as effective waves for seismic prospecting from zero to tens of meters. Its line length—penetration depth ratio can be as high as 1: 20, that is 1 to 2 meter line length configuration can provide a penetration depth of 30 to 40 meters. So, it fully meets the requirements for advance detection in dead ends. This method originally designed to surface use has been moved in underground mines, and proved successfull for detecting faults, goafs and washouts. No doubt, it is a brand—new geophysical method for advance detection in dead ends in coal mines, and will play an important role in safe excavation and coal production.