人格特质遗传与环境影响的研究

Research on the Relationship Between Personality Feature Heredity and Environmental Influence

采用“卡特尔16种人格因素问卷(16PF)”,对1294名三种类型被试(其中大学生438名,大学生父亲430名,大学生母亲426名)的人格特质的遗传度进行研究;同时采用“家庭环境量表(FES-CV)”,单独让大学生对家庭环境影响进行评价。结果表明,各种人格特质的遗传度范围在0.186～0.405以内。达到显著性相关的人格特质为:乐群性、聪慧性、稳定性、兴奋性、敢为性、怀疑性和独立性。父母对子的人格特质遗传大于女。受家庭环境影响的人格特质为:聪慧性、稳定性、恃强性、兴奋性、有恒性、敢为性、敏感性和怀疑性。

A group of 1 294 people of three types of personality features has been studied on the subject of heredity degree of their character traits by means of 16PF. Among them, 438 are college students, 430 college students' fathers and 426 mothers. Meanwhile, FES - CV has been adopted to allow the students alone to evaluate the influence from their family environment. The conclusion shows that the heredity degree of all kinds of personality features ranges from 0.186 to 0.405. The personality features which have notably high heredity degree are as follows: sociability, intelligence, steadiness, excitability, courage, suspicion and independence. Parents have greater genetic influence on sons than on daughters. The features affected by family environment are intelligence, steadiness, excitability, perseverance, courage, sensitivity and suspicion.