生物信息学及其在病毒研究中的应用

Bioinformatics and its Application in Virology

介绍生物信息学的原理与方法及其在病毒研究中的应用.保守序列承担着极其重要的功能,通过多重序列对齐搜寻保守序列,是生物信息学方法的基础;敏感位点是一种反映蛋白质或核酸功能的特定模式,因此,通过数量关系的优化推导敏感位点,可用于分离病毒蛋白质与核酸相互作用位点;核苷酸和氨基酸序列只有形成了三级或四级结构才能表现功能,通过同源建模预测蛋白质的高级结构,有助于疫苗的研制、抗病毒药物的筛选以及药物的分子设计。预测RNA的三级结构大多从RNA折叠入手.病毒蛋白质三级结构预测比较成功的是日本脑炎病毒包膜糖蛋白的三级结构。

Application of theory and methodology of bioinformatics in virology was introduced. Conserved sequences played very important role. It was the basis for bioinformatics that the conserved sequences are searched for through multi-sequence alignment. Sensitive positions were the motifs by which the function of proteins and nucleic acids were assumed. The sensitive positions were induced through optimizing quantity relation, which was applied to isolation of interactive positions between proteins and nucleic acids. The sequences of nucleotide and amino acids were functional when the space structures were formed. Prediction of high structure of protein through homology modeling was helpful to research of vaccine, selection of the antiviral drug, and designation of molecule drug. Most predictions on RNA space structure began from RNA fold. The prediction of space structure of envelope glycoprotein of Japanese encepalitis virus was a successful sample.