摘要
采用RAPD标记构建了黄麻属 (Corchorus)植物 10个种 2 7份材料的指纹图谱 ,从 119个随机引物中筛选出清晰且多态性高的 2 5个引物 ,共扩增出 32 9条DNA片段 ,分子量在 0 3～ 3 0kb之间 ,其中 2 94条谱带具有遗传多态性 ,多态比率 (PPB)为 89 36 % ,平均每个引物扩增出 13 16条带。用BiolD+ + 数据分析软件 ,计算Nei氏相似性系数 ,建立了UPCMA聚类图。结果表明 :(1)供试黄麻属 15份野生种和 12份栽培种具有丰富的遗传多样性 ,遗传相似系数在 0 4 9～ 0 98;(2 )在聚类分析中 ,当L1 聚值水平D =0 785时 ,可将两个栽培种及其近缘野生种 (C .capsulri和C .olititorius)与原始黄麻野生种划分为 3个不同类群。反映出栽培种及其近缘野生种与原始野生种间有明显的遗传差异 ;(3)当L2 取值水平D =0 85 0时 ,可将供试 2 7份材料划分为 10个以物种为单元的亚类群或个类 ,①即假黄麻C .aestuans(3份 ) ,②三齿种C .tridens,③梭状种C .fascicularis,④假长果种C .psendo olitorius,⑤假圆果种C .pseudo capsularis ,⑥三室种C .tilacularis,⑦甜麻 (新种未定名 ) ,⑧圆果种C .capsularis(9份 ) ,⑨长果种C .olitorius(7份 ) ,⑩荨麻叶种C .uriticifolius,结果与 10个种的经典分类相吻合 ,揭示了种间的遗传差异性?
The fingerprints of 10 species including 27 acce ss ions in genus Corchorus were investigated with the technique of RAPD.Twenty -five primers were screened from 119 random primers,and a total of 329 DNA frag ments were amplified ranging from 0.3～3.0 kb,253 (87.78%),which were polymorphic.The average number of DNA band produced by each primer was 13.16.UPGMA cluster ana lysis and Nei's similarity coefficients were carried out and a dendrogram was co ns tructed using software Biol D ++.The results showed as follows:(1) There we re abundant genetic diversities among 15 wild species and 12 cultivated species in Corchorus with genetic similarity coefficients ranging from 0.49～0.98.(2) The access ions could be clustered into three groups at cultivated species,and their close wild s pecies were obviously different from wild species genetically.(3) At the level o f D=0.850,27 accessions of Jute could be classified into ten groups,includi ng C.sestuans,C.tridens,C.fascicularis,C.psendo-olitorius,C.psendo-capsulari s,C.tilacutaris,Tian Jute (untitled),C.capsularis,C.olitorius and C.ur it icifolius.Among which C.capsularis presented closer relationship with C. olitorius and further relationship with C.uriticifolius.The results matche d well with that of the morphologic classificassion.(4) According to the molecul ar cluster tree,C.uritifolius,Chinese Tina Jute (untitled) and C.aestuans were at the basic level,revealing that these three species could be the prima ry wild species of Jute.(5) The tree also showed that C.tilacularis 21C from Africa could be a ecological subspecies of C.tilacularis,whilst niannian ca i,ma cai and zhu cai collected different ecological types of C.aestuans,C.caps ularis from Hainan was a close wild species of round fruit Jute cultivated spe cies,and three species of C.olitorius collected from zhangpu,Henan and Mali were c lose wild species of long fruit Jute cultivated species.(6) within two cultivate d species,the genetic similarity coefficients in round fruit cultivated species was higher than that of in long fruit cultivated species.
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划 (863 )项目目 (2 0 0 1AA2 412 12)~~
