数控系统加减速控制与程序段终点速度规划

Acceleration/deceleration control of CNC systems and velocity layout of end points in machining segments

加减速控制是CNC系统的关键技术之一。以前的加减速控制技术通常或单独采用前加减速控制 ,或单独采用后加减速控制。本文提出一种采用前加减速控制 ,同时结合运用后加减速控制算法原理的策略 ,并且在加工前选择速度曲线模型 ,以提高数控系统的加工精度、实时性和通用性。同时本文进一步分析了在数控系统加工过程中 ,在程序段终点处存在速度无规则突跳的现象 ,讨论了该现象所带来的问题并提出了解决这些问题的办法。

The control of acceleration and deceleration is one of key techniques used in CNC systems. Many previous techniques for the acceleration and deceleration of CNC machine tools usually introduce former acceleration/deceleration only, or latter acceleration/deceleration singly. This paper proposes a generalized approach for acceleration and deceleration control, which includes the adoption of former acceleration/deceleration banding the algorithms of latter acceleration/deceleration together at the same time and the selection of velocity profile before machining , to improve the accuracy、real-time behavior and flexibility of CNC systems. The paper also analyzes the phenomenon that there are random velocity leaps at the end points of machining segments during cutting, discusses the problems brought by it,and brings forward a method to solve these problems too.