跨文化交际中的语用失误及防范策略

An Analysis on Pragmatic Failures in Cross - cultural Communication

语用失误是异文化冲突的常见现象。从语用学的角度看,语用失误是语用人因缺乏准确了解或有效使用语言的能力而造成的表述和理解失误;从信息论的角度看,它是具有不同文化背景的交际双方进行信息传递时,产生的语义位移现象。认真分析语用失误案例,并对中西文化进行对比分析,可以减少和防范语用失误,避免异文化冲突。

Pragmatic failure always brings about cultural conflicts. In terms of pragmatics, pragmatic failure is the inability to understand what has been said. According to information theory, it is semantic displacement: i. e. the information from the interlocutors with different cultural backgrounds doesn' t get across to each other. This paper analyzes some pragmatic failure cases, contrasting Chinese and western cultures, and expects to remind foreign language teachers and learners how to prevent cultural conflicts.