一种新型糖基表面活性剂的合成及其性质

Study on Preparation and Properties of a New Sugar-Based Surfactant

以葡甲胺和正烷基(C_(12),C_(14),C_(16),C_(18))溴为原料在无水乙醇中反应生成叔胺中间体,葡甲胺:正烷基溴(物质的量之比)=1.008:1,温度78℃,反应时间5h;季铵化反应,叔胺:正烷基溴(物质的量之比)=1:1,100℃下反应3h后,再于130℃下反应2h,对产物结构用红外光谱和电喷雾质谱进行了表征,同时测定了合成产物的季铵盐含量、表面张力和临界胶束浓度等,讨论了结构和性能的关系。

A synthetic process of Dialkylmethylglucityl bromide of ammonium was presented in this paper. The intermediate alkylmethylglucityl triamines were prepared under the molar ratio of 1-Deoxy-1-( methylamino) glucitol: alkyl bromide at 1. 008:1 to react for 5 hours in temperature 78℃ with absolute ethanol as solvent. The quaternary ammoniums were prepared under the molar ratio of alkylmethylglucityl triamine: alkyl bromide 1:1 to react in first 100℃ for 3 hours and then after 130℃ for 2 hours. The products were characterized by IR and ES-MS. The contents of quaternary ammonium salt, surface tension and critical micelle concentration of the products were also determined and their relationships between structures and properties were addressed in the paper.