河口区斑节对虾三种淡化养殖模式的比较

Desalting culture system in estuary for Penaeus monodon

提出了河口区斑节对虾(Penaeusmonodon)三种淡化养殖模式,在全封闭、半封闭与逐添换淡水的三种水质管理方式下,养殖管理的关键技术为:虾苗放养前需经6d以上淡化驯养至养殖池水盐度,待幼虾体长至4cm时,按日均降盐度1.2%～1.6%的速率,逐步添加淡水,缓慢递降池水盐度,幼虾体长至8～10cm时,幼虾可在近淡水(S≥0.55)水中养殖,但虾塘水质类型始终保持为海水类型(ClNaⅢ);养殖周期内,池水处于高溶解氧状态。试验结果显示,在71～90d养殖周期内,斑节对虾生长良好,起捕虾体长为11.0～13.0cm,产量达到2310.0～2557.5kg/hm2。

This experiment studied the model for giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) desalting culture near estuary. With completely closed, semiclosed and freshwater gradually added mode managing water quality, the important technique of the management mode for desalting culture is: before putting the prawn seedling into culture pond, it must be desalting trained in the rearing pond whose water salinity decreased gradually to the salinity of the culture pond water at least six days, when the juvenile body length reaches 4 cm, according the daily salinity decrease percentage at 1.2%～1.6%,the salinity of the desalting culture pond water decreases slowly with added gradually freshwater; when the juvenile body length reaches 8～10 cm, it can be desalting cultured in near freshwater water(S≥0.55), but the desalting culture pond water character maintains the sea water character (ClNaⅢ); DO shows oversaturation all the cycle. The results show: the giant tiger prawn grew well in 71～90 days, fishing prawn body length is 11.0～13.0cm and the production finally reaches 2310.0kg/hm2.