“协调型”小麦新品种的产量潜力及其构成的研究

Study on Yield Potential and Its Components of the "Coordination-type" Wheat New Cultivars

研究证明,小麦分蘖成穗与生态条件的关系存在着品种间的变异。按这个思路,成功地培育出了"协调型"系列小麦品种,它们不同于四川盆地其他品种:它们能在保持较大穗重的情况下有较高的成穗数。研究表明:与对照品种川麦28相比,"协调型"小麦新品种的产量潜力有所提高,产量构成也发生了较大的变化,单位面积的成穗数明显高于对照。协调型小麦新品种成穗数较高的原因,除了较强的分蘖能力外,主要在于它们有更高的分蘖成穗能力。协调型小麦新品种增产的主要原因是因为在较大穗重的情况下较高的成穗数使生物产量显著增加。"协调型"小麦新品种的选育为改变四川盆地小麦品种类型现状,提供了新的模式。

The Coordinationtype new cultivars, which are developed in the paper, are different from other old cultivars. These cultivars possess a tight plant type with more spike numbers per unit area, but similar kernel weight per spike is compared to those local cultivars. As this study shows, the yield potential of the Coordinationtype new cultivars is higher than the control cultivars Chuanmai 28, and the yield components of the Coordinationtype produce a large change. The spike number per unit area of the Coordinationtype new cultivars was higher than control cultivars. This study demonstrates that effective ear number results from high tiller appearance rate and higher tiller survival rate, which induces a significantly higher biological yield. It was obvious that more ear number was the main factor in increasing the yield potential of Coordinationtype cultivars, which was different from all else wheat cultivars in Sichuan Basin.