小麦新品种(系)配合力和遗传力分析

Analysis of Combining Ability and Heritability in the New Wheat Lines

采用5×10不完全双列杂交,对6个性状进行了配合力和遗传力分析。结果表明,穗长、穗粒重、小穗数和穗粒数以加性效应为主,而株高和千粒重则加性与非加性效应均具有明显作用。亲本性状表现与一般配合力高低并无必然联系。特殊配合力高的杂交组合,其亲本一般配合力较高,性状表型值也较优。对各亲本配合力表现进行评价发现,川农16与绵阳26和川麦28在配合力表现上存在差异。遗传力分析表明,穗长和株高广义遗传力较大。小穗数和穗粒重早代选择效果不佳,其他考察性状可从早代开始选择。

With 5×10 incomplete diallel crossing, the combining ability and heritability of six traits in wheat were studied. The results indicate that spike length, kernel weight per spike, spikelets per spike and number of kernels per spike show additive effects of inheritance. Plant height and 1000kernel weight show additive and unadditive effects, which are mainly controlled by additive genes. The combining ability of materials are evaluated, and the difference of the combining ability of Chuannong 16, Mianyang 26 and Chuanmai 28 is indicated. The results show that spike length and plant height have higher wide heritability and lower narrow heritability. The effect of selection for kernel weight and spikelets per spike is worse, but other traits can be selected at early generation.