日本柔道现代化改革指导思想与方法的研究——对中国传统武术文化的现代化改革的启示

Research on Guiding Thought and Method in Modernization Reform of Japanese Judo——Enlightenment for modernization reform of Chinese traditional Martial Arts Culture

采用文献资料法和现场体验法,分析了日本柔道的现代化改革的主要脉络。认为日本柔道现代化改革的指导思想是用改造传统柔术格斗形式为对抗性运动的形式,来达到培养青少年健全人格的教育目的。其方法有技术的精炼化、“自由乱取”的对抗性形式、“受身”动作的保护方法、柔道衣的道具化等、以及段位制度的实行,促进了国民生涯学习和进行人品管理。中国传统武术的现代化改革应借鉴日本柔道关于教育化、大众化、竞技化的指导思想。

The document material method and the on-site experience method are adopted in this article to analyze the dominating sketch in modernization reform of Japanese Judo. It is pointed out that the guiding thought of the modernization reform of Japanese Judo is to achieve the educational purpose of cultivating wholesome Personality of the teenagers by means of changing the traditional wrestle form into opposability sports form in Jujutsu. The adopted method includes technique refining, opposabili-ty form of 'jiyuurantori' , protecting technique of 'ukemi' actions,judogi evolved into actors' costumes,implementing grade system and so on,which facilitate life study of the People and management of the moral quality. The guiding thought of educational , popular and competitive functions in Japanese Judo should be used for reference for modernization reform of Chinese traditional martial arts.