苏轼的参禅活动与禅学思想

Su Shi' s Deep Meditation and His Ideas on Zen

苏轼一生到过许多地方,与众多门派的僧人有过交往,但他从来没有想做苦行僧;他学佛的目的在于借佛家看穿忧患的观点来对待人生的坎坷磨难。苏轼在吸收华严宗和禅宗理论的基础上,形成了空静圆通的禅学思想。强调众生平等,追求心性的自由解脱,实际上是想用心灵的自由来对抗现实的不自由。苏轼从庄、禅一致的角度接受禅宗,庄禅“空静”、“虚空”的观点,不仅直接影响了他随缘放旷的人生态度,而且渗透到他的文学创作之中。

Su Shi visited a lot of places, associated with numerous Buddhist monks of different sects in his life,but he never thought of being an ascetic. His purpose to study Buddhism is to treat the frustration and tribulation in life Buddistically, that is, to see through the suffering in life. On the basis of absorbing the theories of HuaYan Sect and Zen,Su Shi developed a Zen thought characterized of emptiness,quietness and flexibility,emphasizing the equalness of all living creatures,pursuing the freedom and detachedness of disposition,so as to oppose the realistic unfreedom as a matter of fact. Su Shi accepted Zen from the point of view that Zhuang and Zen are unanimous. The Zen ideas of emptiness and quietness directly caused his outlook on life to be flexible and broad - minded, and it also permeated through his literary works as a result.