让历史唯物主义真正出场——对“现实个人”概念的存在论探讨

Let Historical Materialism Itself Emerge——An ontological approach to the concept of "actual individual

长期以来,人们在近代形而上学的范式中理解历史唯物主义,造成了对这一学说的“经济决定论”的或“生物主义”的读法。为了让历史唯物主义真正出场,要求我们去真正地领会使这一学说成为可能的新存在论境域,即马克思在发动存在论革命时所开辟的生存论路向。本文从马克思对历史的前提的讨论入手,分析“现实的个人”这一概念的存在论基础,借此展示马克思的唯物主义思想之真谛,指出它对于旧哲学赋予历史世界的一切范畴规定的清洗。

For a long time, historical materialism has been interpreted in the mode of modern metaphysics, and this has resulted in its being understood as 'economic determinism' or 'biologism'. To let historical materialism itself emerge, we should understand the new ontological horizon which has made this historical doctrine possible. As we know, Karl Marx initiated an existential approach to ontological thinking when he started a revolution in ontology. This essay begins with the discussion of the historic premise described by Marx, analyzes the ontological base of the concept, and by means of this, demonstrates the real core of Marx s materialism and its clearance of all categorical definitions of the historical world through criticizing all old philosophies.