制度变迁与经济增长方式转变:可持续发展视角的考察

Institutional Changes & Pattern Transition of Economic Growth: Sustainable Development

制度和经济增长方式之间存在深层的内在联系,推进传统制度变迁是实现传统经济增长方式转变的客观要求。随着经济体制改革的深入,计划经济时期片面追求经济快速扩张的粗放型经济增长方式正在向集约型经济增长方式转变。但集约型经济增长方式并不是可持续发展的经济增长方式,因为这种经济效益导向型增长模式强调的是生产要素生产率的提高,而同时通常忽视了经济行为的生态效益和负外部性。我们所追求的经济增长方式转变,是向可持续发展的经济增长方式的转变。这种增长方式不仅将技术而且将制度都视为经济增长的内生变量;不仅要推动微观主体或局部的经济增长,而且还要使整个社会福利最大化,实现经济发展的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的有机统一。

There is an internal affinity between institutions and economic growth patterns. Promoting institutional changes is essential to realize the transition of the traditional pattern of economic growth. With the progress of the reforms of economic system, the economic growth pattern is being changed from the extensive pattern that purely focuses on rapid economic growth rate to the intensive pattern. However, the intensive growth pattern is not the sustainable growth pattern, because the former is the economic\|benefit\|oriented one, which emphasizes much on the improvement of factor productivity but ignores the ecological benefits and externalities of economic behaviors. So that the transition of the economic growth pattern that we seek should be the sustainable development style, which regards both technology and institution as the endogenous variables of the economic growth, it not only stimulates individuals or partial development, but also maximizes the social welfare so as to realize the organic oneness of ecological, economic and social benefits. 