从商业品质看元杂剧的兴衰

On Zha Opera′s maturity, prosperity and declining in Yuan Dynasty: A aspect of business

元杂剧作为劳动成果,其演艺谋生性盈利与市民娱乐性消费公平交换,现实而直接地实现其使用价值,具有独特的商业品质。从艺术行为到商业行为的发展变化,使元杂剧走向成熟,其中瓦舍勾栏的创设起着关键作用;以盈利为目的,以竞争创效益,名家名作不断涌现,优秀演员人才辈出,元杂剧迅速发展。雅化曲、教化剧的出现,观众消费群体不再成为杂剧艺术最后完成的能动主体,此乃元杂剧走向衰亡最根本的原因。

As a fruit of labor, Zha Opera in Yuan Dynasty realized its utility value practically and directly by exchanging the performances for the entertainment of the citizens, and had a unique business quality. In the course of development from art to business, the settingup of Wa She had a great effect on Zha Opera. Famous writers and artists emerged in large numbers, so Zha Opera came to its prime. With the appearance of Yahua Opera and Jiaohua Opera, the audience was no longer the main active body to help accomplish the art which led to the declining of Zha Opera in Yuan Dynasty.