北宋诗文革新中“农商皆利”与“重农抑商”的两种思潮

Two Trends in Poetic Innovation in Worthern Song Dynasty: Parallel Development of Agriculture and Business Versus Precedence of Agriculture Development over Business

范仲淹和欧阳修及苏轼等人忧“商旅(商贾)不行”,不仅反映了当时商贾经济发展的社会现实,也说明北宋政治改革和诗文革新者将“忧以天下”上升到新的层次:着眼于士、农、工、商的整体利益与长远利益进行变革。另外,苏辙指责王安石《兼并》有“诗病”乃至“诗祸”,既是文学批评,又大大超出了文学批评的范围,反映北宋政治改革及文学革新家之间两种不同的思路:一是以范仲淹、欧阳修、苏轼、苏辙等为代表,主张农商皆利;一是以王安石为代表,强调重农抑商。显然,儒商精神与文学的交叉影响,是北宋诗文革新的又一动因。

Intellectuals such as FAN ZHongyan and OU Yangxiu were concerned that business might not be valued in Noothem Song Dynasty. This concern in fact Implicitly mirrored the then booming e-conomy and the mentality of intellectuals: agriculture shoud develop in parallel with buiness. However , another camp of intellectuals with WANG Anshi as the representative emphasized the precedente of agriculture development over business. Through detailed description of divergences between the two camps of intellectuals, this paper unfolds the interplay between literature and business.