论质化研究兴起的社会科学背景

On the Social Science Background for the Rise of the Qualitative Research

质化研究是近年来兴起的同量化研究相对的一类社会科学研究方法体系,本文从元科学的视角剖析了质化研究兴起的文化人类学背景、社会学背景、心理学背景,认为质化研究是多学科背景聚焦的产物,它有着广泛而深厚的社会科学思想基础,其中文化人类学、社会学、心理学是这一方法体系孕育的母体学科,对上述科学背景的剖析有利于厘清质化研究方法形成的基本脉络。质化研究的跨学科背景,反映了社会科学在研究方法上共性与个性的统一,体现了社会科学在新时期特有的时代精神,从方法学层面昭示着社会科学新的交叉、融合与整合的趋向。

The Qualitative research is a sort of new research paradigm which is comparative opposite to the quantitative research in social science. It is analyzed the social sciences background of the cultural anthropology, the sociology and the psychology in the rise of the qualitative research from the methodological viewpoint. It is considered that the qualitative research is a product of the multidiscipline background and of wide and deep foundation of the science thought. It was considered that the culture anthropology, sociology and psychology were given birth by it. To analyze the science background mentioned above is beneficaial to the understanding of the basic origin of the qualitative research methodology. 