解构与突围:启蒙的历史与历史的启蒙

Disintegration and Breakthrough——Enlightenment of History and History of Enlightenment

中国近现代启蒙在20世纪前后时段形成了两个既对称又相似同时又有歧义的终端。回眸20世纪前20年“启蒙的历史”,这一时期的思想启蒙在一瘸一拐中前行,与文学的暧昧、与政治的缠绵、个人与社群关系的失衡构成了突出的特征。反思20世纪后20年“历史的启蒙”,它以前所未有的解构姿态与前一个终端形成了鲜明的对比。但无论是“先分后合”还是“先合后分”的启蒙范式都未能跳出启蒙与政治的“必然”的逻辑关系。正是在这个意义上,当学术界一再寻求突围的路径时,世纪末浮出水面的后启蒙与承接五四的新启蒙的对峙才显现出了不可或缺的当代意义。

The Chinese enlightenment in the 20th century branched to two different terminals which were both symmetrical and divergent The retrospect of the 'history of enlightenment ' in the first two decades of the 20th century witnesses a development of enlightenment with limps and its peculiarity highlighted by dubious relationship with literature, and intimate connection with politics, and imbalance between individuals and society. Introspection of 'enlightenment of history' in the late 20 years of the 20th century reveals an unprecedented disintegration that presents a contrast with the previous terminal. But the enlightenment model, whether it is 'unification-disintegration' or 'disintegration-unification', by no means exceeds the inexorable logic relation between enlightenment and politics. And definitely in this sense, while the academic circle is seeking the way to breakthrough , the confrontation of the post-enlightenment emerged at the end of the 20th century and the new-enlightenment arising before the May Forth Movement presents indispensable contemporary significance.