古希腊审美主义的发生及价值维度——从毕达哥拉斯到苏格拉底

The Emergency of Ancient Greek Aestheticism and its Value Dimensionality——From Pythagoras to Socrates

古希腊人在现实生活和精神生活中,追求人的存在的超越和审美化人生,追求生命、灵魂的不朽和永恒,这一取向为古希腊审美主义的发生提供了坚实的基础。希腊哲人对人的存在处境和世界存在的理性反思,标举和谐、逻各斯、美和善作为一种终极价值,从而不断推进人和人的生活、人类社会的完满化及其人与宇宙、人与自然的和谐建构,并依此对人生和社会意义进行哲学追求。前苏格拉底的审美价值形而上学为西方审美主义的发展奠定了基本的价值维度。

In their real and mental world, ancient Greeks pursued the existence and exceeding of human beings and the aesthetic life, as well as pursued the everlasting life and soul. Such orientation laid a solid foundation for the emergency of ancient Greek aestheticism. Through reasonably rethinking about man's situation and the existence of the world, the Greek philosophers put forward the rational self-examination for the existent condition of human life and the existence of the world and took harmony, Logos, beauty and kindness as a kind of ultimate value, thus constantly promoted man and man's life, the perfection of human society and the harmonic construction of man and space and man and nature; and according to these carried out the philosophic pursuit of human life and social meaning. Pre-Socrates' metaphysics on aesthetic value set up the basic dimensionality of value for the development of the western aestheticism.