苏格拉底被控和定罪的原因探析

Causes of the Accusation and Conviction of Socrates

苏格拉底被控和定罪是多种原因综合作用的结果。其中苏格拉底的反民主政治观点及其对青年人的政治影响是导致其被控和定罪的最重要的原因。宗教方面的“不信城邦神另树新神”是苏格拉底被控和定罪的次重要原因。此外,雅典民众对苏格拉底的不满和敌意对审判所起的作用也不可低估。因之,从奴隶主民主政治的角度来看,苏格拉底被控和定罪是合法的,是有充分理由的。但从整个人类的发展和进步来看,对苏格拉底的控告和定罪显然是不公正的。

The paper holds that the accusation and conviction of Socrates may be attributed to several factors,among them Socrates' anti-democratic political views and negative influence on the youth being the major cause,and next to it,his attempt to establish a new god rather than believing in the authorities of the state. The grievances the Athenians aired against him are also conducive to his downfall. The accusation and conviction of Socrates seems legal from the perspective of the slave-holding democracy of the ancient Greeks,but unfair when approached from a historical perspective.