道德赏罚的功能

The Functions of Moral Reward&punishment

道德赏罚作为社会道德调控的一种特殊手段,其根本目的在于促成社会道德自由,即实现社会道德秩序与个体内在道德品质的有机统一。所以,道德赏罚的内在本质必然通过两方面的功能表现出来:一是社会功能,即道德违规的防范功能、道德权威的维护功能、道德风尚的倡扬功能、道德价值的导向功能及社会公正的保障功能等;二是个体功能,即道德行为的强制功能、道德认识的推动功能、道德情感的培养功能、道德信念的维护功能及道德品质的塑造功能等。

As a special social regulation,the essential purpose of moral reward&punishment is to promote social moral liberty.And liberty is essencially the organic unification between social moral order and the intrinsic moral charater of individuals.Thus,the intrinsic essence of moral reward&punishment is certainly revealed through two functions:1.social function, such as the function of preventing moral disobedience,of maintaining moral authority,of advocating moral integrity,of guiding moral oriemtation,and of ensuring social justice.2.individual function, such as the function of securing moral actions,of pushing forward moral recognition,of fostering moral sentiment,of upholding moral belief and of molding moral character.