德州市浅层地下水漏斗区现状分析及保护对策

Present situation of shallow groundwater depression cones in Dezhou City and countermeasures for groundwater protection

根据山东省德州市年降水量和当地水资源量年内、空间分配不均,年际变化幅度大的特点,分析该市浅层地下水漏斗区的逐年发展动态和现状,揭示出近年来工农业的发展、气候持续干旱、降雨量偏少,地下水采补失衡、粗放的农业灌溉方式等是造成浅层地下水超量开采,浅层地下水漏斗区逐年增大的主要原因,指出只有提高水危机意识,广泛宣传有关水资源保护的知识,遵循"多年调节、采补平衡"的科学原则,加强水资源的统一管理和调度才能保护和合理利用浅层地下水。

Based on the characteristics of the precipitation and groundwater resources in Dezhou City of Shandong Province, such as uneven temporal and spatial distribution and large variation of annual volume, by analysis of the year to year evolution and present situation of the shallow groundwater depression cones in this city, it is revealed that the industrial and agricultural development, long term drought, small volume of precipitation, unbalance between groundwater mining and recharge, and low efficient irrigation are the main causes of the overmining of shallow groundwater and extension of the cone regions. It is also pointed out that protection and reasonable utilization of shallow groundwater can be realized only by enhancement of the awareness of water crisis, wide spread of water resources protection related knowledge, observance of the scientific principles of long term regulation and balanced mining and recharge, and strengthening of unified water resources management and allocation.