实验室水生微宇宙的组建和基本生态学过程

SYNTHESIS AND FUNDAMENTAL ECOLOGICAL PROCESS OF AN AQUATIC MICROCOSM IN LABORATORY

在实验室内以贮备的纯培养生物、培养液和沉积物组建了水生微宇宙。生物群落包括我国淡水生态系统常见的8种藻、2种原生动物和1种甲壳动物,以及存在于实验室内的天然微生物群落.微宇宙运行28—31天,研究了藻类群落和大型溞种群的消长关系,以及毛初级生产力 P、总呼吸 R 和 P/R 比值的变动规律。试验结果表明,这种人工组合的水生微宇宙具有天然水生态系统的基本功能和生态学过程,经演替后,其生物组成和代谢可趋于稳定,并具有可重复性,可望作为在种群、群落和生态系统水平上评价化学品风险的多物种试验系统.

An aquatic microcosm was synthesized in the laboratory by using pure cul- tured organisms,artificial medium and standard sediment.The artificial biotic assembly in- cluded eighr species of algae,two species of protozoa and one species of crustacean as well as the natural microbial community existing in the laboratory.The test duration lasted 28-31 days,during which the growth-decline relationship between algal community and Daphnia population,and the variations of gross primary productivity(P),total respiration (R)and P/R ratio were investigated.The results showed that the synthesized aquatic microcosm displayed the fundamental function and ecological process occurring in natural aquatic ecosystems.The biotic components and metabolism tended to be stable through the succession of microcosm,and the results were repeatable.The microcosm technique prom- ised to be a multispecies testing system in the risk assessment of chemicals on levels of popu- lation,community and ecosystem.