2Arbour NC, Lorenz E, Schutte BC, et al. TLR4 mutations are assoiziated with endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in humans. Nat Genet, 2000, 25: 187-191.
3Brightbill HD, Libraty DH, Krutzik SR, et al. Host defense mechanisms triggered by microbial lipoproteins through Toll-like receptors. Science, 1999 ; 285 : 732-736.
4Akins DR, Purcell BK, Mitra MM, et al. Lipid modification of the 17-kilodalton membrane immunogen of Treponema pallidum determines macrophage activation as well as amphiphilicity.Infect Immun, 1993 ; 61 : 1202-1210.
5Bauer S, Kirschning CJ, Haecker H, et al. Human TLR9 confers responsiveness to bacterial DNA via species-specific CpG motif recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2001,98:9237-9242.
6Hayashi F, Smith KD, Ozinsky A, et al. The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5. Nature,2001 ,410:1099-1103.
7Alexopoulou L, Holt AC, Medzhitov R, et al. Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Toll-like receptor 3. Nature,2001 ,413:732-738.
8Ohashi K, Burkart V, Flohe S, et al. Cutting edge:heat shock protein 60 is a putative endogenous ligand of the toll-like receptor-4 complex. J Immunol, 2000 ; 164: 558-561.
9Kawai T, Adachi O, Ogawa T, et al. Unresponsiveness of MyD88-deficient mice to endotoxin. Immunity,1999 , 11:115-122.
10Takeuchi O, Takeda K, Hoshino K, et al. Cellular responses bacterial cell wall components are mediated through MyD88-dependent signaling cascades. Int Immunol, 2000 , 12 : 113-117.
8[1]Imler JL, Hoffmann JA. Signaling mechanisms in the antimicrobial host defense of Drosophila [J]. Curr Opin Microbiol,2000,3 (1):16-22.
9[2]Phoebe T, Ennio DG, Bruno L. How Drosophila combats microbial infection: a model to study innate immunity and hostpathogen interactions [J]. Curr Opin Microbiol , 2002,5(1):102- 110.
10[3]Khush R, Lemaitre B. Genes that flight infection: What the Drosophlia genome says about animal immunity [J]. Trends Genet ,2000,16(10): 442 - 449.